Píseň o Satanovi
Inno A Satana
(Hymn to Satan)
by Giosue Carducci, 1865
A Satana |
To
Satan (English Translation) |
Notes |
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A te, de l’essere Principio immenso, Materia e spirito, Ragione e senso; |
To you, creation’s mighty principle, matter and spirit reason and sense |
A toast! The poem was
originally written as a dinner-party toast. It is easy to visualize the poet
with glass raised as he recites the poem. |
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Mentre ne’ calici Il vin scintilla Si’come l’anima Ne la pupilla |
Whilst the wine sparkles in cups like the soul in the eye |
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Mentre sorridono La terra e il sole E si ricambiano D’amor parole |
Whilst earth and sun exchange their smiles and words of love |
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E corre un fremito D’imene arcano Da’ monti e palpita Fecondo il piano; |
And shudders from their secret embrace
run down from the mountains, and the plain throbs with new
life |
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A te disfrenasi Il verso ardito, Te invoco, o Satana Re del convito |
To you my daring verses are unleashed, you I invoke, O Satan monarch of the feast. |
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Via l’aspersorio, Prete, e il tuo metro! No, prete, Satana Non toma in dietro! |
Put aside your sprinkler, priest, and your litanies! No, priest, Satan does not retreat! |
Against Satan, priests
have no power. |
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Vedi: la ruginne Rode e Michele Il brando mistico Ed il fedele |
Behold! Rust erodes the mystic sword of Michael and the faithful |
Even the Archangel
Michael, who led the army of faithful angels against Lucifer’s rebels, is
deplumed and left with a rusted sword. |
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Spennato arcangelo Cade nel vano. Ghiacciato e’ fulmine A Geova in mano |
Archangel, deplumed, drops into the void. The thunderbolt lies frozen in Jove’s hand |
Even Jehovah himself is
powerless. |
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Meteore pallide, Pianeti spenti, Piovono gli angeli Da I firmamenti |
Like pale meteors, spent worlds, the angels drop from the firmament |
The rebel angels descent
to Earth from the heavens. |
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Ne la materia Che mai non dorme, Re de I fenomeni Re de le forme |
In unsleeping matter, king of phenomena, monarch of form, |
Satan is king of the
physical, material realm. |
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Sol vive Satana. E tien ‘impero Nel lampo temulo D’un occhio nero, |
Satan alone lives. He holds sway in the tremulous flash of some dark eye, |
Satan’s realm or empire
(“impero”) can be perceived wherever the life-force is in evidence: |
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O ver che languido Sfugga e resista, Od acre ed umido Pro’vochi, insista. |
Or the eye which languidly turns and resists, or which, bright and moist, provokes, insists. |
… in the flashing eye of
a woman in a state of arousal, |
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Brilla de’ grappoli Nel lieto sangue, Per cui la rapida Gioia non langue, |
He shines in the bright blood of grapes, by which transient joy persists, |
… in the glimmer of a
glass of wine, which makes us happy, |
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Che la fuggevole Vita ristora, Che il dolor proroga, Che amor ne incora |
Which restores fleeting life, keeps grief at bay, and inspires us with love |
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Tu spiri, O Satana, Nel verso mio, Se dal sen rompeni Sfidando il dio |
You breathe, O Satan in my verses, when from my heart explodes a challenge to the god |
…and even in the blasphemous
rebllious power of the poet’s own words. |
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De’ rei pontefici De’ re cruenti; E come fulmine Scuoti le menti. |
Of wicked pontiffs, bloody kings; and like lightning you shock men’s minds. |
Both popes and kings -
the heads of authoritarian regimes - were loathed by the republican Carducci. |
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A te, Agramainiio, Adone, Astarte E marmi vissero E tele e carte, |
Sculpture, painting and poetry first lived for you,
Ahriman, Adonis and Astarte, |
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Quando le ioniche Aure serene Beo’ la Venere Anadiomene |
When Venus Anadyomene blessed the clear Ionian skies |
Venus Andadyomene (i.e.
‘emergent’) born from the foam of the seas around Cyprus represents Greek
civilization. |
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A te del Libano Premean le piante, De l’alma Cipride Ristorto amante: |
For you the trees of Lebannon shook, resurrected lover of the holy Cyprian: |
Adonis, the lover of
Venus (‘holy Cyprian’) was killed by a boar but resurrected by Jupiter at
Venus’ request. |
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A te ferveano Le danze e i cori, A te ii virginei Candidi amori, |
For you wild dances were
done and choruses swelled for you virgins offered their spotless love, |
Carducci understands the
Greek festivals of Adonis as having originated along the Syria/Lebannon coast |
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Tra la odorifere Palme d’Idume Dove biancheggiano Le cipre spume. |
Amongst the perfumed palms of Idumea where the Cyprian seas foam. |
and its hinterland
(‘Idumea”) - the region of ancient Phoenicia. |
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Che val se barbaro Il nazareno Furor de l’agapi Dal rito osceno |
To what avail did the barbarous Christian fury of agape, in obscene ritual, |
He points out that the
Christian fanatic destruction of Satan’s pagan temples was of no avail
because the Satanic religion of |
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Con sacra fiaccola I templi t’arse E ii segni argolici A terr sparse? |
With holy torch burn down your temples, scattering their Greek statuary? |
rationalism, fleshly
pleasure, material good, and free inquiry survived ‘underground’. |
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Te accolse profugo Tra gli dei lari La plebe memore Ne I casolari |
You, a refugee, the mindful people welcomed into their homes amongst their household gods |
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Quindi un femineo Sen palpitante Empiendo, fervido Nume ed amante, |
Thereafter filling the
throbbing female heart with your fervor as both god and lover |
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La strega pallida D’eterna cura Volgi a soccorrere L’egra naura. |
You inspired the witch, pallid from endless enquiry,
to succor suffering nature |
Carducci sees the origin
of modern medicine in the witch’s craft which healed the sick in olden times. |
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Tu a l’occhio immobile De l’alchimista tu de l’indocile Mago a la vista, |
You, to the intent gaze of the alchemist, and to the skeptical eye of the sorcerer, |
He also sees the
beginnings of modern science in the essentially rationalist and secular
fields of sorcery and alchemy. |
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Del chiostro torpido Oltre I cancelli, riveli I fulgidi Ciele novelli. |
You revealed bright new heavens beyond the confines of the drowsy cloister. |
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A la Tebaide Te ne le cose Fuggendo, Il monaco Triste s’ascose |
Fleeing from material things, where you reside, the dreary monk took refuge in the Theban desert. |
The Theban desert of
middle Egypt was a favored ascetic suffering ground for early Coptic
Christian hermits. |
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O dal tuo tramite Alma divisa, Benigno e’ Satana; Ecco Eloisa. |
To you O soul with your sprig severed, Satan is benign: he gives you your Heloise. |
The poet here speaks to
Abelard, a 13th c. Franciscan monk whose rational philosophy angered the
church. His affair with Heloise got him castrated and exiled, but his
Satan-given love of her persisted. |
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In van ti maceri Ne l’aspro sacco: Il verso ei mormora Di Maro e Flacco |
You mortify yourself to no
purpose, in your rough
sackcloth: Satan still murmurs to
you lines from Maro and Flaccus |
Maro and Flaccus are the
poets Virgil and Horace. Licoris and Glycera are beautiful women of which
they wrote.. |
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Tra la davidica Nenia ed il pianto; E, forme delfiche, A te da canto |
Amidst the dirge and wailing of the Psalms; and he brings to your side the divine shapes, |
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Rosee ne l’orrida Compagnia nera, Mena Licoride, Mena Glicera |
Roseate amidst that horrid black crowd, of Lycoris and Glycera |
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Ma d’altre imagini D’eta’ piu’ bella Talor si popola L’insonne cella |
But other shapes from a more glorious age fitfully fill the sleepless cell. |
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Ei, da le pagine Di Livio, ardenti Tribuni, consoli, Turbe frementi |
Satan, from pages in Livy, conjures fervent tribunes, consuls, restless throngs; |
In his cell, the monk’s
sleep is interrupted by Satan- inspired nightmarish visions of crowds and
leaders from Livy’s history of Rome. |
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Sveglia; e fantastico D’italo orgoglio Te spinge, o monaco, Su ‘l Campidoglio |
And he thrusts you, O monk, with your memories of Italy’s proud past upon the Capitol. |
For his treason against
Rome’s true roots, the monk dreams, he is impaled. |
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E voi, che il rabido Rogo non strusse, Voci fatidiche, Wicleff ed Husse, |
And you whom the raging pyre could not destroy, voices of destiny, Wycliffe and Huss, |
John Wycliffe and Jan
Huss, early reformers and martyrs of the late 13th and early 14th centuries. |
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A l’aura il vigile Grido mandate: S’innova il secolo Piena e’ l’etate |
You lift to the winds your waning cry: ‘The new age is dawning, the time has come’. |
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E gia’ gia’ tremano Mitre e corone: Dal chiostro brontola La ribellione, |
And already mitres and crowns tremble: from the cloister rebellion rumbles |
The poet alludes to the
existence of secret rebels inside the church. |
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E pugna e pre’dica Sotto la stola Di fra’ Girolamo Savonarola |
Preaching defiance in the voice of the cassocked Girolamo Savonarola |
Savonarola was a defiant
reformist monk who was burned at the stake in 1499. |
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Gitto’ la tonaca Martin Lutero Gitta ii tuoi vincoli Uman pensiero, |
As Martin Luther threw off his monkish robes,
so throw off your shackles, O mind of man, |
The poet chooses Martin
Luther as an example here explicitly because using him as an example would
infuriate the church more than any other name. |
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E splendi e folgora Di fiame cinto; Materia, inalzati: Satana ha vinto. |
And crowned with flame, shoot lightning and thunder;
Matter, arise; Satan has won. |
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Un bello e orrible Mostro si sferra, Corre gli oceani Corre la terra: |
Both beautiful and awful a monster is unleashed it scours the oceans is scours the land |
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Corusco e fumido Come ii vlucani, I monti supera, Divora I piani; |
Glittering and belching
smoke like a volcano, it conquers the hills it devours the plains. |
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Sovola ii baratri; Poi si nasconde Per antri incogniti, Per vie profonde; |
It flies over chasms, then burrows into unknown caverns along deepest paths; |
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Ed esce; e indomito Di lido in lido Come di turbine Manda il suo grido, |
To re-emerge, unconquerable from shore to shore it bellows out like a whirlwind, |
The Church had proclaimed
the steam-engine train to be a tool of the Devil and the poet here embraces
the symbolism. |
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Come di turbine L’alito spande: Ei passa, o popli, Satani il grande |
Like a whirlwind it spews its breath: ‘It is Satan, you peoples, Great Satan passes by’. |
He sees it as a man-made,
science-derived invention that would deliver prosperity to the secular people
of Italy. |
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Passa benefico Di loco in loco Su l’infrenabile Carro del foco |
He passes by, bringing
blessing from place to place, upon his unstoppable chariot of fire |
In the new age of
industry Satan (humanity’s ingenuity unfettered by the chains of church)
destroys Jehova and thereby the oppressive and restricting tyranny of the
Pope. |
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Salute, o Satana O ribellione, O forza vindice De la ragione! |
Hail, O Satan O rebellion, O you avenging force of human reason! |
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Sacri a te salgano Gl’incensi e ii voti! Hai vinto il Geova De ii sacerdoti. |
Let holy incense and prayers rise to you! You have utterly vanquished the Jehova of the Priests. |
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(ABisrecekine, 9. 10. 2018 4:54)